For a long time, the psychological measurement perspective dominated the understanding of intelligence. Education focused on IQ, making the pursuit of high scores in intelligence tests the key rather than cultivating practical life wisdom. This narrow view of intelligence, centered around a single concept of IQ, led to problems like distorted personalities among learners and youth.

Many experts disagreed with this one-sided view. Thurstone believed intelligence consisted of seven independent basic mental abilities. Guilford thought it was made up of 180 different traits. Gardner proposed eight types of intelligence in his book "Frames of Mind," sparking discussions about multiple intelligences.

Author Sternberg pointed out that the IQ measured by traditional tests is "inert." In real life, what truly matters is successful intelligence, which is essential for achieving important goals. High test scores don't guarantee the possession of successful intelligence. People with successful intelligence know no one is perfect. They strive to acquire, develop, and apply various skills, not relying solely on the inert IQ emphasized by schools.

Successful intelligence includes three aspects: analytical, creative, and practical thinking abilities. While schools mainly focus on analytical skills, in real life, creative and practical intelligence are equally important. Analytical intelligence helps solve problems and evaluate ideas. Creative intelligence enables people to come up with solutions, and practical intelligence ensures these solutions are effectively applied in daily life. Balancing these three aspects is crucial for maximizing successful intelligence.

In our society, we've often overemphasized linguistic and logical - mathematical intelligence. This has led to situations where people are ill - prepared for real life despite high academic achievements. For example, a top student may be helpless in daily life, and schools may overly rely on IQ tests for admissions.

In conclusion, successful intelligence should also incorporate EQ. A truly successful person can control impulses and face risks. These aspects of successful intelligence can be cultivated through family and school education, benefiting both academic performance and life in society.